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Ideology, Two Nation Theory & Genesis of The Islamic Republic of Pakistan for Class 11 and 12 Students

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GENESIS OF THE ISLAMIC REBUBLIC OF PAKISTAN

IDEOLOGY:

Ideology is a set of ideas or norms on which the collective ideals of a community, nation or ‘millat’ are based. It also includes the sum total of principles set forth for the achievement of these common ideals. The Muslims follow the Islamic ideology, which simply means the way of life based on the tenets of Islam.

ISLAMIC CONCEPT OF NATIONHOOD:

The Muslims believe that by virtue of their faith, they have an identity, separate and distinct from other nations of the world. This feeling of oneness among themselves combined with the consciousness of being separate from other is called “Two Nation Theory’. Islam is a democratic way of life, and the Muslims strongly believe in the right of self-determination for all human beings. This principle implies that in all parts of the world, where the Muslims from a sizeable majority, they should be given a right to form an independent democratic state of their own, and living under this state they should avail the opportunity to order their individual and collective lives in accordance with their faith and belief.

The Two Nation Theory : Defined and Explained

Islam was introduced in South East Asia shortly after its advent. Muslims in india grew into a sizeable community within a short span of time. The Muslim community of South East Asia guarded its identity very keenly and cautiously.

Definition: The term ‘Pakistan Ideology’ refers to that set of beliefs and objectives which formed the basis of the Muslim freedom struggle in South-East Asia. This struggle was, of course, motivated by the Islamic faith and guided y the objective of establishing a Muslim state in the sub-continent, based on the principle that the Muslims and the non-Muslims in India were separate and distinct nations and the Muslims had a desire to order their individual and collective lives according to the tenets of Islam, living as free citizens of an independent democratic state.

The area, which now forms the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, had a non-Muslim population of about 3 to 5 percent. Non-Muslim living in this area knew that their rights will be better protected as citizens of a Muslim state, because in a Muslim state Non-Muslim citizens’ civil and political rights are equal to the rights of the Muslim citizens. Due to this reason, the Christians, the Hindus and the other religious communities played an active role in the Pakistan movement. Sacrifices rendered by the non-Muslims during the days of the Pakistan Movement and the patriotic spirit with which they served Pakistan after its creation, stand as a bright example in our history and the history of nations.

COMPONENTS OF THE PAKISTAN IDEOLOGY

ISLAM:

The religious belief of the Muslims liing in the North-Western and North-Eastern regions of the Indian sub-continent was the first and the foremost motivating force behind their demand for Pakistan. In 1948 the Quaid-Azam said that the demand for Pakistan was not merely a question of acquiring a piece of land; Pakistan was meant to be a laboratory for proving the validity and truth of the Islamic principles. Elaborating the guiding principles that formed the basis an Islamic state the Quaid-e-Azam said:

“Fundamentally in an Islamic state, authority rests with

Almighty Allah. The working of an Islamic government is

Conducted according to the Quranic principles and

Injunctions. In an Islamic state, neither its head, nor any

Parliament or an institutin or an individual can act

Absolutely in any matter. Only the Quranic injunctions

Control our behavior in the society and in politics.”

Democracy:

System of an Islamic state is based on democratic principles, explaining this, the Quaid-e-Azam in a radio message addressed to the people of the United States of America, said:

“the Constitution of Pakistan is yet to be framed by the

Pakistan Constituent Assembly. I do not know what the

Ultimate shape of this constitution is going to be, but I am

Sure that it will be of a democratic type, embodying the

essential principles of Islam. Today, they are as applicable

In actual life as they were 1400 years ago. Islam

And its idealism has taught us democracy.” (Feb. 1948)

Famous Muslim Scientists Ibn-e-Sina (Avicena)

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Ali Al – Hussain Ibn Abdullah Ibn -e- Sina 

Ali Al- Hussain Ibn Abdullah Ibn -e- Sina was the most famous philosopher and scientist of Islam. He is known for his contributions in the field of philosophy and medicine.

He was born in Bukhara in 980 AD. He received his early education in Bukhara under the guidance of his father. He was a child with an exceptional memory. He memorized Holy Quran when he was just 10 years old. At the age of 18, he had mastered Islamic Law, Logic, Medicine and Metaphysics.

Once when prince Nuh Ibn Manssor fell ill. Ibn-e-Sina, a young physician of 18, was called to treat him. He treated the prince successfully and the prince recovered and returned to a normal state. As a result he was allowed to use the Royal libarary. This favour proved helpful in his intellectual development.

After the political disturbance, he left Bukhara and went to Hamadan, where he became Court Physician and was appointed ‘wazir’.

He composed ‘Kitab Ash-Shifa’ (Book of Healing), which is probably the largest work of its kind. The book treats of Logic, the Natural sciences, including Psychology, Geometry, Astronomy and Metaphysics, Apart from it, his book ‘Al- Qanun Fi Tibb’ remained the most authentic and popular book of medicine Eastern and Western countries.

Ibn-e-Sina wrote about 250 books. The translations of his books in Latin in 12th Century spread his thoughts far and wide in the West.

In the East, his dominating influence in Medicine and Philosophy lasted over the ages and is still alive within the circles of Islamic thought.

Ibn -e- Sina died in 1037 AD.